【073】词根词缀专栏[1-50]@柯林斯COBUILD高阶英汉双解学习词典（第8版）

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2017-02-24

作者：GoldenDict
注：本文获作者授权，仅供本站使用，转载请联系原作者。

继续研究《柯林斯 COBUILD 高阶英汉双解学习词典》（第 8 版）。

Guide to key features 主要特色指南

Word Links increase language awareness by showing how words are built in English. Focusing on prefixes, suffixes, and word roots, each ‘Word Link’ provides a simple definition of the building block and then shows three examples of it appearing in a word. Providing three examples encourages learners to look up these words to develop and consolidate their understanding.
词根词缀框通过说明英语词汇的构词方式来强化学习者的语言意识。每条“词根词缀”信息聚焦于前缀、后缀与词根，给出构词结构的简明释义和三个含有该结构的例词。学习者可进一步查阅例词，以拓展巩固理解。

• 词根 = word root
• 词缀 = affix = 前缀（prefix） + 后缀（suffix）
  

封底提到：

• 1,000 余个词根词缀专栏，从构词角度讲解单词，促进识记
  

根据我的统计，《柯林斯 COBUILD 高阶英汉双解学习词典》（第 8 版）去掉重复项后，只有 494 个专栏，涉及到约 1400 个单词。

接下来的一段时间，我将分 10 批给出这全部 494 个专栏。其中汉译均为人工录入，纸质词典总算是有用武之地了，翻查、录入 50 个专栏用了一个多小时时间，要是有结构良好的电子版数据，30 秒钟就全部搞定了。

特别说明：以下内容汉译是我对照纸版，逐个查阅录入的，可能有误；英语内容来自电子版，值得信赖。

市面上词根词缀相关书籍、词典有一些，某些词典软件甚至给出了同根词供用户查询，但是内容良莠不齐。学习型词典也大多将常见的词缀单独列为词条，《柯林斯 COBUILD 高阶英汉双解学习词典》（第 8 版）的词根词缀框（专栏）倒确实是首创。数量不是很多，全部记下来咯。

下面是前 50 条，其中我故意留了个错别字。

• brev ≈ short  短: abbreviate, abbreviation, brevity
• claim, clam ≈ shouting  喊叫: acclaim, clamour, exclaim
• climat ≈ climate 气候,  region  地区: acclimatize, climate, climatic
• onym ≈ name  名: acronym, anonymous, synonym
• ess ≈ female  女；雌: actress, heiress, lioness
• ee ≈ one who receives  …接收者: addressee, lessee, payee
• opt ≈ choosing  选择: adopt, co-opt, opt
• hood ≈ state 状态,  condition  情况: adulthood, childhood, manhood
• ory ≈ relating to  有关…的: advisory, contradictory, migratory
• voc ≈ speaking  说: advocate, vocabulary, vocal
• aer ≈ air  空气: aerate, aerial, aerosol
• naut ≈ sailor  船员: aeronautics, astronaut, nautical
• ate ≈ filled with  充满…的: affectionate, compassionate, considerate
• firm ≈ making strong  使…强: affirm, confirm, infirm
• flict ≈ striking  击打: affliction, conflict, inflict
• griev ≈ heavy 沉重,  serious  严重: aggrieved, grievance, grieve
• agon ≈ struggling  挣扎；斗争: agonize, antagonist, protagonist
• phob ≈ fear  害怕: agoraphobia, claustrophobia, phobia
• ment ≈ state 状态,  condition : agreement, management, movement
• arithm ≈ number  数: algorithm, arithmetic, logarithm
• ali ≈ other  另外；别: alias, alibi, alien
• like ≈ similar  相似: alike, birdlike, ladylike
• liter ≈ letter  字；字母: alliteration, illiterate, literal
• loft ≈ air  空气: aloft, loft, lofty
• alt ≈ high  高: altimeter, altitude, contralto
• eur ≈ one who does  行…事者: amateur, chauffeur, entrepreneur
• ambi ≈ both  两；双: ambidextrous, ambiguous, ambivalent
• a, an ≈ not 不,  without  无: amoral, anaesthesia, atheism
• morph ≈ form 形状,  shape  外形: amorphous, metamorphosis, morphology
• amphi ≈ around 周围,  both  两；双: amphibian, amphibious, amphitheatre
• ampl ≈ large  大: ample, amplify, amplitude
• arch ≈ rule  统治: anarchy, monarch, patriarchy
• gyn ≈ female 雌,  woman  女: androgyny, gynaecology, misogynist
• oid ≈ resembling  像；类似: android, asteroid, fibroid
• phil ≈ love  爱: Anglophile, philanthropy, philharmonic
• anim ≈ alive 活,  mind  心理: animal, inanimate, unanimous
• ann ≈ year  年: anniversary, annual, annuity
• nounce ≈ reporting  报告: announce, denounce, pronounce
• ant ≈ not 不,  opposite  反；抗: antacid, Antarctic, antonym
• ante ≈ before  前；先: antecedent, anterior, anteroom
• anthrop ≈ mankind  人类: anthropology, misanthropy, philanthropy
• logy, ology ≈ study of  …学: anthropology, biology, geology
• anti ≈ against  反；妨；抗: antidote, antifreeze, antiseptic
• antiq ≈ old  古；老: antiquarian, antiquated, antique
• path ≈ feeling  感情: apathy, empathy, sympathy
• log ≈ reason 理,  speech  话: apology, dialogue, logic
• pend ≈ hanging  悬: append, depend, pendant
• itis ≈ inflammation  炎症: appendicitis, arthritis, bronchitis
• prehend ≈ seizing  抓住: apprehend, comprehend, reprehensible
• proxim ≈ near  近: approximate, approximation, proximity